![]() Two different types are used, one known as virgin that uses only pristine manufactured TATB, and a second known as recycled that has 50 wt.% of its TATB reclaimed from machining scraps of previously pressed virgin PBX 9502. It is a polymer-bonded formulation consisting of 95 wt.% 1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene (TATB) as the high explosive crystal, bound with Kel F-800 (FK-800), a co-polymer of chlorotrifluoroethylene and vinylidene-fluoride. ![]() PBX 9502 is an important insensitive high explosive due to its combination of safety properties and detonation performance. The results of these tests will be presented and discussed. Some wave perturbation was observed with the DAAF booster in the onionskin tests presented. A series of onionskin tests were performed to investigate breakout and propagation diaminoazoxyfurazan (DAAF) at low temperatures to evaluate ignition and detonation spreading in comparison to other explosives commonly used in booster applications. The wave breakout time-position history at the surface of a hemisphericallHE charge more » is recorded and the relative uniformity of the breakout can be quantitatively compared between booster materials. A hemispherical wave breakout test, termed the onionskin test, is one of the methods used to evaluate the performance of a booster material. The interest in DAAF for this application stems from the fact that it possesses many traits of an IHE but is shock sensitive enough to serve as an explosive booster. Booster material selection is crucial, as the initiation must reliably function across some spectrum of physical parameters. Initiation of insensitive high explosive (IHE) formulations requires the use of a booster explosive in the initiation train. The detonation performance properties are found to be well captured by existing models. ![]() Overall, PBX 9701 is seen to exhibit improved performance relative to insensitive explosives, with a trinitrotoluene (TNT) equivalence of 1.24. The calibration process involves several enhancements relative to conventional approaches including the use of an analytical scaling correlation to speed the calibration process and development of a new methodology to improve the consistency between the programmed burn and reactive model calibration process and the resulting calculations. These data are used to develop programmed burn and reactive flow calibrations for existing commonly-used performance models which allow engineering more » calculations with PBX 9701. Prior shock initiation data is also reviewed. The first detonation performance measurements for this formulation are presented, including front-curvature ratesticks and cylinder expansion test data. PBX 9701 is a newly-developed reducedsensitivity explosive with increased performance relative to the triaminotrinitrobenzene or TATB-based PBX 9502 while still retaining low sensitivity to mechanical insult. The boosters were tested in an onionskin arrangement in which the booster pellet was cylindrical, and the tests were performed at a temperature of-55$$azoxyfurazan (DAAF) and 3% vinylidene uoride-chlorotriuoroethylene copolymer (Kel-F 800) binder by weight. The results of a series of onionskin experiments evaluating the performance of some new booster formulations in the triaminotrinitrobenzene (TA TB) -based plastic bonded explosive PBX 9502 will be presented. In this test, the wave breakout time-position history at the surface of a hemispherical IHE acceptor charge is recorded, and the relative uniformity of breakout allows qualitative comparison between booster candidates and quantitative comparison of several metrics. There are several variations of this basic test which are known by other names. A hemispherical wave breakout test termed the on ionskin test is one of the methods of testing the performance of booster materials in an initiation train assembly. The explosive booster should be as insensitive as reasonably possible to maintain the overall safety margin of the explosive assembly. Booster materials must be ignitable by a conventional detonator and deliver sufficient energy and favorable pulse shape to initiate the IHE charge. An explosive booster is normally required to initiate detonation in an insensitive high explosive (lHE).
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